Breathing should feel natural, effortless, and taken for granted. But when shortness of breath appears without warning, especially when paired with unexplained dizziness, it can be alarming. These symptoms often signal that something deeper is happening in the lungs or the heart.

Two conditions that can cause these troubling signs are Pulmonary Hypertension (PH) and Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD). Both are serious health concerns that need early diagnosis and timely treatment. Yet, because their symptoms overlap with common issues like asthma, bronchitis, or simple fatigue, many patients delay seeking help.

At Breathe Superspeciality Clinic & Diagnostics, Guwahati, our team of lung health experts works closely with patients to identify the root cause of their breathing problems. This blog explains what pulmonary hypertension and ILD are, why unexplained dizziness and breathlessness should never be ignored, and how you can protect your lung health.

 

Why Do Dizziness and Shortness of Breath Occur Together?

Dizziness and shortness of breath can happen together because of how the lungs and heart interact. The lungs bring in oxygen, and the heart pumps it throughout the body. If either system is compromised, the brain and muscles may not get enough oxygen.

  • Dizziness occurs when the brain receives less oxygen or blood flow.
  • Shortness of breath occurs when the lungs cannot exchange oxygen efficiently or when the heart cannot circulate blood properly.

When these two symptoms appear without a clear reason—such as after climbing stairs, running, or exercising—it can be an early warning sign of lung or heart disease.

 

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH): An Overview

What Is Pulmonary Hypertension?

Pulmonary Hypertension is a condition where the blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs becomes abnormally high. This makes it harder for the heart to pump blood into the lungs, causing strain on the right side of the heart. Over time, this can lead to heart failure if not addressed.

Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension

PH can be caused by different factors, including:

  • Chronic lung diseases (COPD, ILD, or pulmonary fibrosis)
  • Blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism)
  • Heart valve problems
  • Sleep apnea
  • Genetic or idiopathic (unknown) causes

Symptoms of Pulmonary Hypertension

  • Shortness of breath (initially during exertion, later even at rest)
  • Fatigue or weakness
  • Dizziness or fainting (syncope)
  • Chest pain or pressure
  • Swelling in the ankles or legs (edema)
  • Rapid heartbeat (palpitations)

 

Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): An Overview

What Is ILD?

Interstitial Lung Disease is not one single disease but a group of disorders that cause scarring (fibrosis) of lung tissue. This scarring makes the lungs stiff and less able to transfer oxygen into the blood.

Causes of ILD

ILD may result from:

  • Long-term exposure to dusts, chemicals, or pollutants
  • Autoimmune diseases (like rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma)
  • Certain medications
  • Radiation therapy
  • Unknown (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is a common type)

Symptoms of ILD

  • Gradual shortness of breath, especially during activity
  • Dry, persistent cough
  • Fatigue
  • Unexplained weight loss
  • Clubbing (widening and rounding of the fingertips)

 

Pulmonary Hypertension vs. Interstitial Lung Disease: How Are They Different?

Although PH and ILD share many symptoms, there are key differences:

Feature

Pulmonary Hypertension (PH)

Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)

Main Problem

High blood pressure in lung arteries

Scarring and stiffness of lung tissue

Primary Symptom

Dizziness, fainting, breathlessness

Breathlessness, dry cough

Heart Involvement

Yes, right heart strain is common

Secondary, may lead to PH later

Oxygen Levels

Often drop during activity

Gradually worsen over time

Detectable On

Echocardiography, right heart catheterization

High-resolution CT scan, lung biopsy

 

When Should You Worry?

It is important not to dismiss dizziness or shortness of breath as signs of “weakness” or “stress.” You should consult a pulmonologist in Guwahati if:

  • You feel short of breath with minimal exertion.
  • You often feel lightheaded, especially during activity.
  • You notice swelling in your ankles or legs.
  • You have a persistent dry cough.
  • You are losing weight unintentionally.

These could be early signs of pulmonary hypertension or ILD, both of which need timely intervention.

 

How Are These Conditions Diagnosed?

At Breathe Superspeciality Clinic & Diagnostics, Guwahati, we follow a comprehensive diagnostic approach:

  • Detailed Medical History & Examination – Identifying risk factors, exposure history, and underlying conditions.
  • Blood Tests – To rule out autoimmune or clotting disorders.
  • Chest X-ray & High-Resolution CT (HRCT) – Essential for detecting scarring in ILD.
  • Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs) – To assess lung capacity and airflow.
  • Echocardiography – To check for pulmonary hypertension.

 

Living With PH or ILD: Practical Tips

  • Stay active within your limits; avoid overexertion.
  • Eat a balanced, nutrient-rich diet.
  • Monitor your oxygen levels regularly if prescribed.
  • Stay up to date with vaccinations (influenza, pneumonia).
  • Avoid dust, pollution, and smoking.
  • Attend regular check-ups with your pulmonologist in Guwahati.

 

Why Early Diagnosis Matters

Both PH and ILD are progressive diseases, meaning they worsen over time if untreated. Early diagnosis:

  • Improves response to treatment
  • Reduces risk of complications
  • Enhances quality of life
  • Prevents irreversible damage

 

Breathe Superspeciality Clinic & Diagnostics: Your Partner in Lung Health

At Breathe Clinic, Guwahati, we specialize in diagnosing and managing complex lung diseases, including pulmonary hypertension and interstitial lung disease. Our team combines advanced diagnostics with compassionate care, ensuring every patient receives a treatment plan tailored to their needs.

If you or your loved one is experiencing unexplained dizziness with shortness of breath, do not delay. Visit us for a thorough evaluation.

📞 Contact us: 8822153356
🌐 Visit us: www.breatheclinicguwahati.com

 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. Is pulmonary hypertension the same as high blood pressure?
No. Pulmonary hypertension affects the arteries in the lungs, while regular high blood pressure affects the systemic arteries throughout the body.

2. Can ILD be cured completely?
Most ILDs cannot be cured, but treatment can slow progression and improve symptoms.

3. What is the life expectancy for someone with pulmonary hypertension or ILD?
It varies depending on the type, severity, and response to treatment. Early diagnosis significantly improves outcomes.

4. Are these diseases hereditary?
Some forms of pulmonary hypertension and ILD have genetic links, but many cases are due to environmental or autoimmune factors.

5. How can I reduce my risk?
Avoid smoking, reduce exposure to dust and pollutants, get regular health check-ups, and seek early treatment for persistent respiratory symptoms.

6. When should I see a doctor for dizziness and shortness of breath?
If these symptoms are frequent, unexplained, or interfere with daily life, consult a pulmonologist immediately.

 

Unexplained dizziness and shortness of breath should never be ignored. While they may seem like minor inconveniences, they could be early warning signs of serious conditions like Pulmonary Hypertension or Interstitial Lung Disease.

At Breathe Superspeciality Clinic & Diagnostics, Guwahati, we are committed to helping the people of Assam breathe easier and live healthier lives. Early diagnosis, personalized care, and advanced treatment options are our promise to every patient.

If you or someone you know is struggling with these symptoms, take the first step towards better lung health today.

📞 Call us at 8822153356
🌐 Visit us at www.breatheclinicguwahati.com