Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a prevalent and serious health issue, ranking as the second leading cause of death in India. Living with COPD poses various challenges, from the constant fear of exacerbations to the impact it can have on mental health. In this comprehensive guide, we explore strategies to manage COPD effectively and improve overall well-being.

 

COPD and Related Anxiety

One of the often-overlooked aspects of COPD is its connection to anxiety. COPD not only affects the respiratory system but also takes a toll on mental health, leading to increased exacerbations, longer hospital stays, and greater functional limitations. Identifying and managing anxiety becomes crucial for individuals dealing with COPD.

 

COPD Progression with Smoking

Smoking remains the leading cause of COPD, acting as a trigger for flare-ups in affected individuals. Shockingly, among smokers, the prevalence of COPD is as high as 15.3%, with a risk 3.54 times higher compared to nonsmokers. Quitting smoking is a fundamental step in slowing down COPD progression, and nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) proves to be a valuable aid in this journey.

 

Nicotine Replacement Therapy

Smoking introduces nicotine to the bloodstream, stimulating the brain at once. Quitting smoking can lead to withdrawal symptoms as nicotine levels decline. Nicotine replacement therapies (NRTs) work by maintaining nicotine level and provide similar effects on the brain and body. Nicotine replacement therapy is a helpful aid for smoking cessation.

 

Breathing Exercises for COPD

1. NADI SHODHANA (Alternate Nostril Breathing)

This ancient yogic practice helps regulate breath and alleviate respiratory issues.

Step 1: Bring the index and the middle finger of your right hand between the eyebrows.

Step 2: Keep the left hand on the left knee.

Step 3: Place the little and the ring finger on the nostril and close the right nostril using the right thumb and breathe in through the left nostril.

Step 4: Open the right nostril and breathe out.

Step 5: Breathe in from the right nostril and breathe out from the left

Step 6: Perform this yoga for breathing problems between nostrils and continue inhaling and exhaling.

 

2. BHRAMARI PRANAYAMA (Bee Breathing)

Step 1: Get into a seated meditation posture or use a chair if you cannot sit cross-legged.

Step 2: Close your eyes, and plug your ears with the index or middle finger. Inhale.

Step 3: Make a humming or buzzing sound (like a bee) as you exhale.

 

3. BHASTIKA PRANAYAMA

Step 1: Sit in a cross-legged position

Step 2: Make a fist and fold your arms, placing them near your shoulder.

Step 3: Inhale deeply, raise your hands straight up, and open your fists

Step 4: Exhale slight forcefully, bring your arms down next to your shoulders and close your fists. Continue for 20 breaths.

Step 5: Relax with palms on your thighs. Take a few normal breaths and continue for two more rounds.

 

Pulmonary Rehabilitation

Pulmonary rehabilitation is a comprehensive program encompassing exercise, education, and emotional support. This holistic approach aims to enhance overall well-being and reduce the impact of COPD on daily life. Through physical training, nutritional guidance, and emotional assistance, individuals can better manage their symptoms and improve their quality of life.

 

Oxygen Therapy

In cases where COPD leads to low blood oxygen levels, oxygen therapy becomes a crucial intervention. Long-term oxygen therapy, administered for at least 15 hours a day, can significantly improve breathing and overall quality of life.

 

Common Mistakes to Avoid While Using Inhalers

Using inhalers is a common practice in COPD management, but errors in technique can undermine their effectiveness. Here are some common mistakes to avoid:

·       Forgetting to shake the canister: Ensure the medicine is properly mixed before use.

·       Having loose lips: Create a tight seal around the inhaler for optimal inhalation.

·       Having bad aim: Direct the inhaler towards the back of your throat.

·       Breathing out too quickly: Hold your breath for about 10 seconds after inhalation to allow the medicine to reach the lungs.